network effects

THE IDENTITY GRAVITY THEORY

The Identity Gravity Theory infographic showing identity black hole with gravitational pull arrows (2,000+ identity mass, infinite escape velocity) versus portable identity with zero gravity force and free exit cost, proving centralization is physics not market failure

Why Digital Systems Inevitably Centralize Power — And How Portable Identity Inverts the Laws of Digital Physics This analysis establishes that digital centralization follows physical laws previously unidentified in systems theory. Identity creates gravitational effects: the more connections and data accumulate around platform-held identity, the stronger the gravitational pull preventing exit. This is not market THE IDENTITY GRAVITY THEORY

The Architecture of Platform Lock-In—And How Portable Identity Makes It Impossible

Open green padlock with cracking orange platform blocks labeled Social Graphs, Search Patterns, Work Files, and Device Ecosystems, illustrating portable identity breaking platform lock-in architecture

When Identity Becomes Portable, Platforms Become Optional Sarah deletes her professional networking account. Twenty years of connections, endorsements, recommendations, messages—gone. Doesn’t matter. Her Portable Identity carries everything that actually matters: cryptographically-verified proof she made 847 people measurably more capable, cascade depth of 12,000+ through four network layers, absence delta of 0.73 in her primary contribution The Architecture of Platform Lock-In—And How Portable Identity Makes It Impossible